During the early 2000’s the Boeing Company was experiencing a market shrink due to a downturn in the aerospace industry after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, as well as, severe competition from its rival Airbus. To deal with the situation and salvage its market share, Boeing proposed the design of a new aircraft called Boeing 787 or the Dreamliner. This futuristic aircraft was received very well by the airlines. Very soon, it became the fastest selling new airplane in the history of commercial aviation. Nevertheless, after the initial successful launch, the company faced many supply chain related problems, which resulted in repeated delays and huge extra costs. In this research, we investigate the impact of the mismatch between Boeing’s strategy and capabilities for developing the Dreamliner.