This report was commissioned by the Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth (ARACY) for the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR - now DOE). Inclusive education has been identified as a focus area for investigation, toward exploring what research has found to work in improving not only school attendance but also school achievement and other learning outcomes for school students with disability. This report provides an overview of inclusive education, which will inform the work of the Schools Disability Advisory Council (SDAC). SDAC was established to provide informed advice and information to Government in relation to school education programs and initiatives for students with disability.