This paper examines Julia Kristeva's psychoanalytic theory of religion. It situates Kristeva in relation to Freud, the object relations theorists, and the post-structuralist psychoanalysts, and suggest that in her work of the 1980's Kristeva revises Freud's four major cultural texts. She constructs a psychoanalytic interpretation of religion that maintains Freud's most important insights at the same time that it directs new attention to two themes Freud was unable to fully articulate: an inconscious association of anti-Semitism with the body of the mother, and the religious inversion of hatred and fear into love.