We used anterograde tracing techniques to examine projections from auditory cortex to the cochlear nucleus in guinea pigs. Following injection of dextrans into the temporal cortex, labeled axons were present bilaterally in the cochlear nucleus. The distribution of boutons within the cochlear nucleus was similar on the two sides. The majority of boutons was usually located on the ipsilateral side. Most of the boutons were located in the granule cell areas, where many small boutons and a few larger, mossy-type endings were labeled. Additional small, labeled boutons were found in all layers of the dorsal cochlear nucleus, with the majority located in the fusiform cell layer. Labeled boutons were also present in the ventral cochlear nucleus, where they were located in the small cell cap as well as magnocellular parts of both posteroventral and anteroventral cochlear nucleus. Similar results were obtained with injections restricted to primary auditory cortex or to the dorsocaudal auditory field. The results illustrate direct cortical projections to the cochlear nucleus that are likely to modulate the activity in a number of ascending auditory pathways.