This chapter discusses wastewater reuse as a strategy to cope with water shortages, highlighting the importance of community decision making for successful implementation of the strategy. A brief overview of techno-economic and social dimensions of potable reuse of treated wastewater is presented along with examples of indirect and direct wastewater reuse applications for drinking purposes around the world. Two important case studies in San Diego, California, and El Paso, Texas are examined to offer insights into barriers to wide acceptability of the technology. The chapter underscores the importance of effective outreach and public relations campaigns, and public engagement in informed, transparent and democratic decision making to adopt potable reuse of treated wastewater as a component of water supply portfolio in water scarce regions.