Article
Universality of spectator fragmentation at relativistic bombarding energies
Nuclear Physics A
(1996)
Abstract
Multi-fragment decays of Xe-129, Au-197 and U-238 projectiles in collisions with Be, C, Al, Cu, In, Au and U targets at energies between E/A = 400 and 1000 MeV have been studied with the ALADIN fonvard-spectrometer at SIS. By adding an array of 84 Si-CsI(Tl) telescopes the solid-angle coverage of the setup was extended to theta(lab) = 16 degrees. This permitted the complete detection of fragments from the projectile-spectator source.
The dominant feature of the systematic set of data is the Z(bound) universality that is obeyed by the fragment multiplicities and correlations. These observables are invariant with respect to the entrance channel if plotted as a function of Z(bound), where Z(bound) is the sum of the atomic numbers Z(i) of all projectile fragments with Z(i) greater than or equal to 2. No significant dependence on the bombarding energy nor on the target mass is observed. The dependence of the fragment multiplicity on the projectile mass follows a linear scaling law.
The reasons for and the limits of the observed universality of spectator fragmentation an explored within the realm of the available data and with model studies. It is found that the universal properties should persist up to much higher bombarding energies than explored in this work and that they are consistent with universal features exhibited by the intranuclear cascade and statistical multifragmentation models.
Keywords
- Xe-129,
- Au-197,
- U-238 projectiles,
- Be,
- C,
- Al,
- Cu,
- In,
- Au,
- U-targets,
- E/A=400,
- 600,
- 800,
- 1000 MeV; measured fragment cross sections,
- fragment cahrge,
- charge asymmetries and correlations; analysis using intranuclear cascade and statistical multifragmentation models
Publication Date
September, 1996
DOI
10.1016/0375-9474(96)00239-4
Publisher Statement
This is a manuscript of an article published as Schüttauf, A., W. D. Kunze, A. Wörner, M. Begemann-Blaich, Th Blaich, D. R. Bowman, R. J. Charity et al. "Universality of spectator fragmentation at relativistic bombarding energies." Nuclear Physics A 607, no. 4 (1996): 457-486. DOI: 10.1016/S0375-9474(01)01448-8. Posted with permission.
Copyright 1996 Elsevier Science B.V.
Citation Information
A. Schüttauf, Craig Ogilvie and et al.. "Universality of spectator fragmentation at relativistic bombarding energies" Nuclear Physics A Vol. 607 Iss. 4 (1996) p. 457 - 486 Available at: http://works.bepress.com/craig-ogilvie/251/
Creative Commons license
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC_BY-NC-ND International License.