In this chapter, I shall examine these cosmological narratives and underlying teleological and epistemological assumptions of the two Tagores to illuminate facets of the interaction of religion and science in colonial India that resulted in a highly spiritualized hermeneutic of science. This hermeneutic, based on a hierarchical model of two knowledges or sciences, raises questions about the alleged Tarorean reconciliation of modern science and their Upanishadic ideals.