This presentation will provide an overview of the development of the legal environment of American libraries with special attention to the public library setting. It will begin with an introduction to the overall legal and policy framework in which libraries operate. The presentation will turn its focus to examining the legal basis for public libraries, their sources of authority, and the laws, rules and regulations of the federal, state, and local level that affect their operations. Attention will also be given to reviewing key laws and policies that are directly related to libraries. Case studies on legal issues that public libraries are likely to be involved in on a daily basis will be discussed. This presentation will discuss the self-regulation and voluntary codes of conduct set by library professional groups. It is hoped that by understanding the role of law in shaping library development and specific laws that affect library operations, such awareness will help the library better develop its policies, respond to potential legal issues, and reduce its legal liability risks.