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Article
Modeling and Experimental Demonstration of a Hopfield Network Analog-to-Digital Converter with Hybrid CMOS/Memristor Circuits
Frontiers in Neuroscience
  • Xinjie Guo, University of California, Santa Barbara
  • Farnood Merrikh-Bayat, University of California, Santa Barbara
  • Ligang Gao, University of California, Santa Barbara
  • Brian D. Hoskins, University of California, Santa Barbara
  • Fabien Alibart, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
  • Bernabe Linares-Barranco, Instituto de Microelectronica de Sevilla
  • Luke Theogarajan, University of California, Santa Barbara
  • Christof Teuscher, Portland State University
  • Dmitri B. Strukov, University of California, Santa Barbara
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-24-2015
Subjects
  • Hopfield networks,
  • Neural networks (Computer science),
  • Electric circuits,
  • Hybrid circuits,
  • Memristors
Abstract

The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the feasibility of building recurrent artificial neural networks with hybrid complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)/memristor circuits. To do so, we modeled a Hopfield network implementing an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with up to 8 bits of precision. Major shortcomings affecting the ADC's precision, such as the non-ideal behavior of CMOS circuitry and the specific limitations of memristors, were investigated and an effective solution was proposed, capitalizing on the in-field programmability of memristors. The theoretical work was validated experimentally by demonstrating the successful operation of a 4-bit ADC circuit implemented with discrete Pt/TiO2−x/Pt memristors and CMOS integrated circuit components.

Description

Copyright © 2015 Guo, Merrikh-Bayat, Gao, Hoskins, Alibart, Linares-Barranco, Theogarajan, Teuscher and Strukov. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

DOI
10.3389/fnins.2015.00488
Persistent Identifier
http://archives.pdx.edu/ds/psu/16482
Citation Information
Guo, X., Merrikh-Bayat, F., Gao, L., Hoskins, B. D., Alibart, F., Linares-Barranco, B., … Strukov, D. B. (2015). Modeling and Experimental Demonstration of a Hopfield Network Analog-to-Digital Converter with Hybrid CMOS/Memristor Circuits. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 9, 488.