Many populations of toads occurring between west-central Mexico and Panama have been referred to Bufo coccifer Cope, 1866. While the taxonomic status of these populations has been questioned for many decades, a thorough review of the B. coccifer complex never has been presented. Based on evidence from external morphology and a partial molecular data-set, we conclude that this complex consists minimally of six species. Herein, we recognize B. coccifer Cope, 1866, B. cycladen Lynch and Smith, 1966, and B. ibarrai Stuart, 1954, and describe three new species.