A fresh attitude towards Judaism has prevailed in the study of the common roots with Christianity and the subsequent relational development of the respective religious communities since the Vatican II and the publication of Guidelines and Suggestions for the Implementing the Conciliar Declaration "Nostra Aetate." This account of the scholarly pursuit of Jewish Christian studies shows how cautious we must be in the examination of each period. Such is the invitation extended to all scholars who seek to enter the new millennium in a joint effort to explore the dynamics of a common background.