Cheilitis glandularis (CG) is a rare inflammatory condition characterized by chronic enlargement and inflammation of the minor salivary glands in the lip. This article provides a comprehensive review of CG, including its clinical features, subtypes, and potential predisposing factors. Additionally, a case report is presented to illustrate the diagnostic challenges and management strategies associated with this uncommon disorder.

CG primarily affects the lower lip, leading to symptoms such as lip swelling, persistent inflammation, dryness, and ulceration. While the exact etiology remains elusive, factors such as infections, obstructions, and autoimmune processes are believed to play a role in CG development. Although the exact relationship is not well-established, stress and psychological factors may influence immune functioning and contribute to the exacerbation or recurrence of inflammatory conditions, including CG. The case report highlights an unusual upper lip swelling that was diagnosed as CG. This underscores the importance of thorough clinical examination, differential diagnosis, and histopathological evaluation in accurately identifying CG. Timely recognition and appropriate management are essential for optimizing patient outcomes and preventing potential complications. In conclusion, CG presents a diagnostic challenge due to its diverse clinical presentation. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion when encountering lip swelling and consider CG in the differential diagnosis. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and potential predisposing factors associated with CG, including the role of mental health. Increased awareness and understanding of this condition will facilitate early detection, appropriate management, and improved outcomes for individuals affected by CG.