This chapter explores the multiple and contested meanings of ‘the economy’ from a feminist geographic perspective. Research in this field has challenged conventional, often masculinist, approaches to studying the economy by instead examining it as a set of processes that are interconnected with social, political and cultural practices. Our discussion engages with the theoretical foundations of, and empirical work in, feminist geography regarding gender and the economy from multiple and cross-scalar perspectives. It includes scholarship that highlights the relationships among social identities, such as race, class, gender and sexuality, that produce and are constitutive of geographically and temporally diverse and alternative economies. As highlighted below, these identities are evident in global, community-based and individual economic strategies, such as livelihoods of migrant domestic workers in the Middle East, fair-trade farming among Honduran coffee growers and digital media start-ups in San Francisco.