The aim of the article is a deep analysis of the role and importance of the Lisbon Treaty during 10 years of operation for the implementation of the Common Foreign and Security Policy and the global position of the European Union. The study conducted by the authors assumed that the treaty gave the European Union more institutional tools, but without political impulses and the political will to deepen cooperation and integration in this area. Scientific research was based on specific examples, which clearly showed, in conclusions, that the European Union is still not ready to build strategic autonomy, and the Treaty of Lisbon has even stopped this process.