Work and family issues and challenges have substantially changed during the past few decades. One specific concern is related to the continuous rise in reported work-family conflict. The purpose of this review is to explore the literature related to work and family conflict and its possible implications to human resource management theory and practice. It defines work-family conflict and discusses its relevance to human resource practitioners and researchers. It presents four existing theoretical frameworks and reviews the literature related to antecedents/determinants and possible outcomes of work-family conflict. Finally, it provides recommendations and contributions to management and human resource professionals.