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Selected Works of Shainaz M. Landge
Article
Benzoylation of Toluene with p-Toluoyl Chloride over Triflic Acid Functionalized Zr-TMS Catalyst
Journal of Molecular Catalysis A (2004)
  • Shainaz M. Landge, National Chemical Laboratory
  • M. Chidambaram, National Chemical Laboratory
  • A. P. Singh, National Chemical Laboratory
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Abstract
The catalytic liquid phase benzoylation of toluene (Tol) to 4,4′-dimethylbenzophenone (4,4′-DMBP) with para-toluoyl chloride (p-T-Cl) has been studied in a batch reactor at atmospheric pressure in the presence of different loadings of triflic acid (TFA) functionalized on the walls of mesoporous Zr-TMS (f-Zr-TMS/Zr-TMS-O-SO2-CF3/mesoporous Zr-O-SO2-CF3) catalysts. Conventional catalysts, CF3SO3H and Zr-TMS (zirconium oxide with a mesostructured framework; TMS is transition metal oxide mesoporous molecular sieves) are also included for comparison. Under identical reaction conditions, f-Zr-TMS is considerably more active than Zr-TMS, whereas CF3SO3H shows higher activity. The conversion of p-T-Cl, rate of p-T-Cl conversion (turn over frequency (TOF)), selectivity to 4,4′-DMBP and 4,4′-DMBP/2,4′-DMBP ratio over f-Zr-TMS-15, after 8 h of reaction time and at 403 K are ca. 50.7%, 14.5 (10−1 h−1 mol−1 S), 73.5% and 3.2, respectively. Acidity and mesoporosity of the f-Zr-TMS catalyst play an important role in the conversion of p-T-Cl, rate of p-T-Cl conversion and product distribution. The effect of various parameters such as duration of run, reaction time, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, Tol/p-T-Cl molar ratio and re-use of catalyst, on the catalyst performance is examined in order to optimize the conversion ofp-T-Cl and selectivity to 4,4′-DMBP. The conversion of p-T-Cl using f-Zr-TMS-15 is increased significantly with the increases in reaction time, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and Tol/p-T-Cl molar ratio. f-Zr-TMS-15 catalyst is recycled one time (fresh + one cycle) and a decrease in p-T-Cl conversion is observed after one cycle, which is related to the minor leaching of anchored CF3SO3H by HCl (formed during reaction).
Keywords
  • Benzoylation of toluene,
  • 4-4′-Dimethylbenzophenone,
  • f-Zr-TMS,
  • Triflic acid
Disciplines
Publication Date
May 4, 2004
DOI
10.1016/j.molcata.2003.12.022
Citation Information
Shainaz M. Landge, M. Chidambaram and A. P. Singh. "Benzoylation of Toluene with p-Toluoyl Chloride over Triflic Acid Functionalized Zr-TMS Catalyst" Journal of Molecular Catalysis A Vol. 213 Iss. 2 (2004) p. 257 - 266
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/shainaz_landge/47/