This paper was written to examine the evolution of organizational behavior and leadership as a 21st century discipline, as well as the four eras of contributing management theories and paradigms. Ethnocentricism and parochialism, ethics, values, cross-cultural communication, power, and politics are some issues addressed. Problem and purpose statements identify the theory and respected theories and paradigms support the theory. Insights to ways of implementing organizational change conditions (such as organizational development or training) which predict success or failure for an organization and expands its mission are provided.