This review was prompted by rapid changes in the vocational education and training (VET) sector, the introduction of new data collections relating to VET, and initiatives to expand and focus research on VET. The Australian National Training Authority Research Advisory Council (ANTARAC) established a working group to examine existing databases and to advise on the data needed to underpin emerging VET research priorities. The review involved consideration of VET policy concerns, the major statistical data collections, a survey of and interviews with researchers who are extensive data users, the data problems in four major research areas, and discussions on developments with national data collection agencies.