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CONTEXT: There is no validated, theory-based tool for assessing the onset of nicotine dependence. However,...
Some, but not all, observational studies have suggested that moderate levels of alcohol intake may...
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of a brief training program on primary care providers' skills,...
The investigation reported here was undertaken to assess cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption patterns and...
PURPOSE. To investigate (1) the extent of agreement between what resident physicians and their patients...
The objective of this study was to examine differences in the attitudes and reported practices...
A survey of 482 physicians practicing in central and western Massachusetts was carried out to...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of, attitudes towards, and knowledge about cigarette smoking in Ecuador...
Employees are often exposed to and bothered by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the workplace;...
The phenomenon of smoking cessation that takes place outside formal programs, which serve a small...
OBJECTIVE: To assess the relative impacts of three physician-delivered smoking interventions in combination with follow-up...
The development, implementation, and results of the smoking cessation program of the Multiple Risk Factor...
Social desirability (the tendency to respond in such a way as to avoid criticism) and...
BACKGROUND. Self-report of dietary intake could be biased by social desirability or social approval thus...
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The rates of enrollment of volunteers for brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...
To judge the effect on blood pressure, sodium intake of students at two boarding high...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a training program for physician-delivered nutrition counseling, alone and...
OBJECTIVE: To describe the research conducted to structure and develop a statewide tobacco training and...
Individuals do not benefit equally from attempts to change their lifestyles in an effort to...
The 2004 National Action Plan for Tobacco Cessation recommended that the US Department of Health...
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Although the interest in and promulgation of clinical practice guidelines have significantly increased...
There is a well-documented gap between research and practice in many areas of behavioral medicine....
This paper reviews issues regarding dietary adherence. Issues and barriers unique to dietary adherence, in...
Considering factors at the individual, interpersonal, and environmental level may enhance adherence to interventions in...
Many efforts to teach and evaluate physician-patient communication are based on two assumptions: first, that...
CONTEXT: Although physicians' communication skills have been found to be related to clinical outcomes and...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of a provider counseling and office systems intervention in obstetric,...
OBJECTIVES: This study assessed providers' performance of smoking cessation counseling steps with low-income pregnant and...
Multiple and diverse preventive strategies in clinical and community settings are necessary to improve health....
We investigated the relationship between the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the likelihood...
A case-control study was undertaken to examine differences in the extent of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)...
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a brief primary...
We examined the effectiveness of a training program for physician-delivered nutrition counseling, alone and in...
BACKGROUND. This paper investigates individual patient characteristics predicting differential response to each of three physician-delivered...
To investigate the frequency of physician delivery of advice to stop smoking and patient characteristics...
The National Cancer Institute's program to help dentists reduce tobacco use among their patients is...
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of an intensive dietary intervention on diet and body mass...
OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the effects of a 2-year integrated health promotion-health protection work-site intervention...
CONTEXT: Multiple epidemiologic studies and some trials have linked diet with cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention,...
CONTEXT: Observational studies and polyp recurrence trials are not conclusive regarding the effects of a...
CONTEXT: The hypothesis that a low-fat dietary pattern can reduce breast cancer risk has existed...
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a dietitian-based nutrition counseling and education program for patients...
The article discusses the implications of two health research trends for improving the design, review...
Smoking and other tobacco exposure have been recognized for several decades as the most significant...
This study investigated whether the opportunity to obtain Continuing Medical Education (CME) credit together with...
This study investigated the relationship of clinicians' knowledge of treatments for nicotine dependence during pregnancy...
The overall results of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) showed a nonsignificant 7%...
BACKGROUND: Calcified plaque in the coronary arteries is a marker for atheromatous-plaque burden and is...
CONTEXT: Little is known about women's experiences after stopping menopausal hormone therapy.
OBJECTIVE: To describe...
CONTEXT: Despite decades of use and considerable research, the role of estrogen alone in preventing...
CONTEXT: Postmenopausal women have a greater risk than men of developing Alzheimer disease, but studies...
BACKGROUND: The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and other clinical trials indicate that significant health risks...
CONTEXT: Despite decades of accumulated observational evidence, the balance of risks and benefits for hormone...
CONTEXT: Women who are physically active have a decreased risk for breast cancer, but the...
OBJECTIVE: To obtain a baseline measure of tobacco control activities carried out by physicians and...
The Dietary Modification (DM) component of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) is a randomized controlled...
Although current dietary guidelines focus on a combination of specific nutrients and food items, most...
In a randomized, controlled study of the Treatwell work-site nutrition intervention program, which focused on...
For men participating in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, the authors evaluated the relation...
OBJECTIVE: Most studies of dietary change during aging have focused on maintaining adequate intake by...
BACKGROUND: Gender differences in smoking and smoking cessation among participants in the Working Well Trial...
To investigate those factors associated with patients' cigarette smoking status, 455 consecutive patients seen in...
BACKGROUND: Although primary care physicians understand the importance of preventive services for patients with multiple...
BACKGROUND: The evidence base regarding what works in practice for helping patients change multiple risk...
BACKGROUND: Co-occurrence of risk behaviors (RBs) substantially increases the risk of disease. This study examines...
BACKGROUND: Approximately 10% of patients seen in the primary care setting meet criteria for high-risk...
PURPOSE: To address three specific questions in a sample of craftspersons and laborers: (1) Do...
According to prior reports, blue-collar workers are less likely to participate in worksite health promotion...
Many barriers exist to the delivery of preventive services by both cardiologists and other physicians....
OBJECTIVES: To investigate pediatrician self-reported intervention practices related to tobacco use and cessation. We queried...
BACKGROUND: We examined the effect of a 3-hr training program on physicians' lipid intervention knowledge,...
This article was the presidential address presented at the Society of Behavioral Medicine 2005 SBM...
The primary care setting is an important place for promoting smoking cessation. Randomized clinical trials...
OBJECTIVE: To compare tobacco control practices of physicians and their staff in Intervention communities with...
BACKGROUND. The results of MRFIT smoking intervention program are presented for the 4,103 special intervention...
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OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the hypothesis that cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor use might have counteracted a beneficial...
BACKGROUND: The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial of conjugated equine estrogens (CEEs), involving 10,739...
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to study the effect of pregnancy outcomes on...
BACKGROUND: There is a need for primary care providers to have brief effective methods to...
This investigation builds on an earlier study by describing the final results of a training...
This article describes the results of a three-hour training program that teaches residents a patient-centered...
In evaluating the efficacy of physician-delivered counseling interventions for health behavior changes such as smoking...
The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) and the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC) were...
The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT), conducted in 1973-1982, provided a unique opportunity to...
CONTEXT: It has not been determined if a youth's reaction to the first smoking experience...
Recent data indicate that the patient-centered counseling model enhances long-term dietary adherence. This model facilitates...
Understanding the phenomenon of heavy smoking among women and factors related to it is of...
OBJECTIVE: To determine if there is a minimum duration, frequency or quantity of tobacco use...
OBJECTIVE: To measure the characteristics of smokers associated with the use of the nicotine skin...
OBJECTIVE: To assess smoking cessation counseling and nicotine replacement therapy prescription and recommendation practices among...
This chapter examines existing activities reported in the literature in the areas of smoking, nutrition,...
Patterns of smoking cessation using 6- and 12-month follow-up data are reported for 1,261 primary...
OBJECTIVE: Individuals with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have a 3- to 6-fold increased risk of...
Attitudes toward smoking intervention, and the intervention practices of 65 residents, 51 attending physicians, and...
OBJECTIVE: To determine factors that affect how much physicians trained to use a patient-centered smoking...
If physicians and other health-care providers were able to facilitate long-term cessation in 1 of...
BACKGROUND: We tested the role of nicotine-containing gum (NCG) in conjunction with brief physician counseling...
It is well established that physicians can have a significant effect on the smoking behavior...
As part of a randomized trial that compared the effects of three physician-delivered smoking interventions...
OBJECTIVE: To describe factors associated with smoking status of low-income women during pregnancy and postpartum.
METHODS:...
BACKGROUND: Despite the strong evidence of harmful effects, tobacco and alcohol use during pregnancy continue...
BACKGROUND: Multiple review systems have been established within medicine and psychology to evaluate and disseminate...
BACKGROUND. Data on smoking cessation and relapse for 6 yers of the Multiple Risk Factor...
Opportunities for participation in chronic disease prevention programs are discussed in the context of a...
Sustaining important public or grant-funded services after initial funding is terminated is a major public...
OBJECTIVE: To develop and test items for the Health Plan Employee Data and Information Set...
The processes of change associated with smoking cessation were examined for 213 smokers and recent...
Cigarette smoking histories, reported depth of inhalation, number of pipe and cigars (PC) smoked, serum...
To determine the factors affecting cigarette smoking status after the development of ischemic heart disease,...
The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) is a 6-year clinical trial for the study...
The long-term cessation rates obtained in smoking control programs have been disappointing. In order to...
The authors evaluated the efficacy of fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN)...
This article reviews short-term (6 months) and longer term (12-24 months) maintenance of cessation and...
The authors compared the effect of a behavioral multicomponent smoking cessation special intervention (SI) to...
This study was undertaken to examine gender differences in the perception of social constraints against...
Automated patient education and counseling over the telephone is a convenient and inexpensive method for...
PURPOSE: This study explored self-reported barriers to diabetes self-management in a population of urban, low-income...
OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of dietary change to and maintenance of a low-fat eating pattern...
BACKGROUND: Women are more likely than men to have nonspecific chest pain (NSCP) symptoms. The...
BACKGROUND: Higher intake of calcium and vitamin D has been associated with a reduced risk...
A survey was undertaken in the Spring of 1994 to understand the types of smoking...
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this work was to identify characteristics that predict progression from the...
OBJECTIVE: To extend the findings of the first Development and Assessment of Nicotine Dependence in...
BACKGROUND: Professional societies and government organizations have promoted guidelines and best practices that encourage clinicians...
OBJECTIVES: It has been assumed that nicotine dependence has a slow onset and occurs only...
The proceedings of the second annual scientific conference of the Society for Research on Nicotine...
METHODS. The relationship of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation to mortality was investigated among men...
BACKGROUND: Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) may be useful for identifying smokers at...
BACKGROUND: Undergraduate medical education needs revision to ensure that medical students graduate with the skills...
Fluoxetine's effect (30 mg, 60 mg, and placebo) on postcessation weight gain was studied among...
OBJECTIVE: To assess the use of a brief provider-delivered alcohol counseling intervention of 5 to...
PURPOSE: The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT), a randomized clinical trial for the primary...
The impact of smoking cessation on coronary heart disease (CHD) and lung cancer was assessed...
The potential determinants of the changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality were evaluated...
The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial was a randomized clinical study to test whether a...
The relationship between selected baseline risk factors and subsequent coronary heart disease (CHD) death and...
A group of 182 smokers in a CHD risk factor intervention program were prospectively followed...
CONTEXT: Some studies of hormone treatment in postmenopausal women suggest benefits on specific cognitive functions,...
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of calcium with vitamin D supplementation for preventing hip and other fractures...
BACKGROUND: Subclinical depression, often clinically unrecognized, may pose increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Few studies...
PURPOSE: Using a standardized measure of depression at three assessment points, to examine depression in...
Cigarette smoking cessation was examined for its impact on diastolic blood pressure, weight, and plasma...
We tested the effectiveness of an individually delivered behavioral multicomponent smoking intervention (SI) against offering...
Smoking cessation greatly reduces morbidity and mortality associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). This paper...
It is important to teach risk-factor counseling skills to medical students, primary care residents, and...
Researchers and their community partners have been challenged by funders and political entities to translate...
OBJECTIVES--To measure occupational exposures to environmental tobacco smoke in diverse settings, including offices and production...
Many barriers exist to the delivery of preventive services by cardiologists and other physicians. Appropriate...
OBJECTIVES. To describe a theoretic approach and rationale for the integration of health protection and...