Beginning in 1967, Diana Baumrind's longitudinal program of research has provided the basis for much research on parenting. Baumrind's data collection methods featured naturalistic observations in the home, parent interviews, and adolescent interviews, Beginning with her preschool sample, it is important to note that Baumrind [1967] identified eight parenting styles which included the authoritarian, directive, authoritative, democratic, good-enough, permissive, neglecting-rejecting (i.e., unengaged), and harmonious, not just the three types that are much studied and discuessed in the literature (i.e., authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive). Also, the discovery of the neglecting-rejecting parenting style is often erroneously attributed (in textbooks and even in parenting and child development handbooks) to Maccoby and Martin [1983] as the fourth possible type of parenting style. It is not surprising then that some confusion and disagreement exists about the effects associated with variation in parental control when researchers have yet to note the eight parenting types that Baumrind identified.