Past research has shown that long-term dietary consumption of soy products, containing isoflavones, has beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, bone mineral density, and risks for certain cancers. In addition, there is evidence that long-term dietary soy consumption improves cognitive performance. However, no such studies have examined the impact of acute doses of soy isoflavones on cognition. Therefore, this experiment was designed to evaluate whether acute doses of soy isoflavones would enhance memory in young adults who were not regular consumers of soy products. The results indicate that individuals consuming soy isoflavones, compared to control participants, did not show enhanced memory on visual-spatial or verbal tasks. These results suggest that the cognitive benefits derived from isoflavone consumption may be primarily due to long-term dietary soy intake and not acute consumption.