In the last decade, there have been a number of very important judgments of the Court of Justice in relation to patient mobility under article 49 EC and public health systems. Until recently, however, these had referred only to hybrid and private insurance systems. An important question remained as to whether this line of caselaw applied to national health systems and, if so, in what manner. This has now been addressed by the Court of Justice in the Watts case, which concerned the UK national health system (NHS). This note discusses that case.