Labile Soil Carbon Inputs Mediate the Soil Microbial Community Composition and Plant Residue Decomposition Rates

Marie-Anne de Graaff, Boise State University
Aimee T. Classen, The University of Tennessee
Hector F. Castro, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Christopher W. Schadt, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

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This document was originally published by Wiley-Blackwell in New Phytologist. The definitive version is available at www.blackwellsynergy.com. Copyright restrictions may apply. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03427.x

Abstract

• Root carbon (C) inputs may regulate decomposition rates in soil, and in this study we ask: how do labile C inputs regulate decomposition of plant residues, and soil microbial communities? • In a 14 d laboratory incubation, we added C compounds often found in root exudates in seven different concentrations (0, 0.7, 1.4, 3.6, 7.2, 14.4 and 21.7 mg C g soil) to soils amended with and without ¹³C-labeled plant residue. We measured CO₂ respiration and shifts in relative fungal and bacterial rRNA gene copy numbers using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). • Increased labile C input enhanced total C respiration, but only addition of C at low concentrations (0.7 mg C g^-1) stimulated plant residue decomposition (+2%). Intermediate concentrations (1.4, 3.6 mg C g^-1) had no impact on plant residue decomposition, while greater concentrations of C (> 7.2 mg C g^-1) reduced decomposition -50%). Concurrently, high exudate concentrations (> 3.6 mg C g^-1) increased fungal and bacterial gene copy numbers, whereas low exudate concentrations (< 3.6 mg C g^-1) increased metabolic activity rather than gene copy numbers. • These results underscore that labile soil C inputs can regulate decomposition of more recalcitrant soil C by controlling the activity and relative abundance of fungi and bacteria.