This paper reviews the literature of collection development and management from 2009 and 2010. Themes and trends reflect the profound effect of environmental forces on libraries, including the economic recession, changes in scholarly communication, and an increasingly networked environment. Libraries reduced print collections and moved them to storage or shared repositories and assessed collections to find efficiencies and demonstrate value. Research libraries moved away from collecting everything to mission-focused collecting, with an emphasis on unique collections. Collaboration across libraries, within institutions, and with non-library partners continued as a key management strategy. Nascent plans emerged to develop a national strategy for management and preservation of print legacy collections. Libraries shifted from a “just-in-case” to a just-in-time” approach to collection development and subject specialists identified new areas of responsibility, such as data curation.