Lisa Growette Bostaph

Teen Dating Violence: Exploring the Trends

Lisa Bostaph — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:40 PDT

Crime Victims in the Curriculum: Are We Missing One Third of the Crime Triangle?

Lisa Bostaph et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:39 PDT

Idaho Risk Assessment of Dangerousness in Domestic Violence Cases: Promoting Early Intervention

Kelly Miller et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:38 PDT

'Felson, Marcus: Crime and Everyday Life' and 'Heimer, Karen and Stacey de Coster: The Gendering of Violence Delinquency'

Lisa Bostaph et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:37 PDT

Domestic Violence

Lisa Bostaph et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:36 PDT

He Versus She: A Gender Specific Analysis of Legal and Extralegal Effects on Pretrial Release for Felony Defendants

Jeremy Ball et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:35 PDT

The current study seeks to identify significant predictors of pretrial processing for both male and female defendants in an aggregate sample. The data used in this study is taken from the State Court Processing Statistics (SCPS), 1990-2000: Felony Defendants in Large Urban Counties (Bureau of Justice Statistics 2004). The original sample included a total of 87,437 felony cases. The relationship between relevant independent variables and five separate dependent variables (denial of bail, non-financial release, amount of bail set, making bail, and pretrial incarceration) were analyzed using both multivariate regression and Z-score comparisons within gender-specific models. Findings suggest that effects of certain independent variables on pretrial release decisions and outcomes are different between the gender-specific models.

IVAA: Idaho Victim Assistance Academy

Holly Beard et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:33 PDT

The Cost of Substance Abuse: The Use of Administrative Data to Investigate Treatment Benefits in a Rural Mountain State

Peter A. Collins et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:32 PDT

Findings from cost-benefit evaluations have suggested that the cost of substance abuse treatment is covered by the economic benefits to society. In this research we measure the economic impact of substance abuse treatment in a rural mountain state. Using a novel approach, cost data were gathered from four disparate state administrative databases, which were selected and matched to form one complete data set. A cost-benefit analysis was used to examine the aggregate economic impact of substance abuse treatment. The conservative post treatment outcome of the combined costs revealed a range or $4.12 to $3.98 million dollar overall offset, a difference that resulted in 20 to 16 percent savings above the fixed treatment cost. Policy implications are discussed.

Race and Repeats: The Impact of Officer Performance on Racially Biased Policing

Lisa Growette Bostaph — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:31 PDT

This study explored the impact of the repeat phenomenon on racial disparities in police motor vehicle stops. The repeat phenomenon is the existence of a small proportion of people or places (officers, citizens, places, victims) that account for a much larger proportion of events. While this phenomenon has been identified and discussed in other areas of criminal justice and criminology, little attention has been given to its existence in officer behavior. This study examined the impact of repeat officers on the level of racial disparity in a population of motor vehicle stops in a midwestern city during a portion of the year 2001. Results indicated that officer performance has a significant impact on the level of racial disproportionality in motor vehicle stops. Areas of future research addressing possible theoretical explanations for racial disparity in motor vehicle stops are also explored.

The Use of Security Technology to Protect Battered Women

Lisa Growette Bostaph et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:30 PDT

Intimidation and threats of future victimisation are obstacles battered women often face when attempting to leave abusive relationships. Thus, all possible means of protecting battered women at this most dangerous time should be employed. This paper presents findings from a study in the US designed to determine the nature and extent to which domestic violence programs use security technology to protect battered women. Security technology includes panic alarms, cellular phones, home security devices, electronic monitoring of the offender and/or the property surrounding the victim's home, and surveillance or closed circuit cameras. The data collected through this survey will assist in determining whether domestic violence programs are utilizing the advances made in security technology. The findings are used to discuss the relationships between demographic variables, primary funding sources, type of program, and the use of security technology.

Predicting Officer Performance in Motor Vehicle Stops: An Example of the Repeat Phenomenon

Lisa Growette Bostaph — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:29 PDT

Purpose – This paper aims to explore the possible existence of the repeat phenomenon in police motor vehicle stops.

Design/methodology/approach – The study involved a mid-western police department. Data were collected from contact cards completed by police officers making motor vehicle stops between July 1, 2001 and December 31, 2001. Contact cards included information concerning the stop itself, driver, passengers, motor vehicle, and the officer making the stop. Individual identifiers of police officers allowed for an analysis of individual officer performance concerning motor vehicle stops. A Poisson process and logistic regression were used in the analysis.

Findings – Analyses revealed that motor vehicle stops are not randomly distributed across police officers and, in fact, a significant concentration of motor vehicle stops among few officers existed. Situational variables such as reason for the stop and time of the stop were significant predictors of high-performing officers.

Research limitations/implications – Limitations of the results include an immeasurable bias due to officers' discretion in completing contact cards for every motor vehicle stop, lack of external validity due to the specific circumstances surrounding the data collection, and the ‘time window effect’. Future research should focus on neighborhood level data collection, ‘hot spots’ for motor vehicle stops, the existence of high-performing (repeat) officers in field (pedestrian) stops, potential differences in racial disparity of motor vehicle stops across high- and low-performing officers.

Practical implications – The results of this study may offer insights into personnel and deployment practices based on officer performance.

Originality/value – This study is one of few on officer performance that included individual identifiers of police officers. This unique aspect of the data allowed for the analysis of a little-researched area: officer productivity in motor vehicle stops.

Current Issues in the Law and Women: What Would a Reasonable Woman Do?

Mary Stohr et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:28 PDT

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Pretrial Release Decisions

Jeremy D. Ball et al. — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:27 PDT

Repeat Citizens in Motor Vehicle Stops: A Black Experience

Lisa M. Growette Bostaph — Fri, 06 Apr 2012 09:39:25 PDT

This paper explores the possible existence of the repeat phenomenon and their impact on racial disparities in police motor vehicle stops. The repeat phenomenon is the existence of a small proportion of people or places that account for a much larger proportion of events. While this phenomenon has been identified and discussed in other areas of criminal justice and criminology, it has not been extended to motor vehicle stops. The current study examines the existence of repeat citizens in a population of motor vehicle stops (N = 4775) from a Mid-western city during 2001. A small, but significant, concentration of motor vehicle stops were discovered among a few citizens and significant predictors of citizen performance included citizen race, gender, age, residency, time of the stop, and reason for the stop.