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Design properties for molded, corn-based DDGS-filled phenolic resin
Industrial Crops and Products (2009)
  • R. A. Tatara, Northern Illinois University
  • Kurt A. Rosentrater, United States Department of Agriculture
  • S. Suraparaju, Northern Illinois University
Abstract

With the rapid growth in the ethanol fuel industry in recent years, considerable research is being devoted to maximizing the use of processing coproducts, such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), typically for livestock diets. Because these residues contain high fiber levels, they may be amendable to incorporation into polymers as well, which is an option that could garner greater economic returns. Thus, the goal of this study was to demonstrate the viability of using corn-based DDGS as a biofiller with phenolic resin, in order to produce a novel biomaterial. DDGS was blended with phenolic resin at four levels (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%, by weight), and then compression molded at 13.8, 34.5, or 48.3 MPa (1.0, 2.5, or 3.5 tons/in.2) and 157, 174, or 191◦C (315, 345, or 375 F). Molded specimens were then tested for a variety of mechanical and physical properties. Pressure and temperature each had little effect on the resulting properties. DDGS, on the other hand, greatly influenced all of the properties. Tensile yield strengths ranged from 14.5 MPa (2102 psi) to 4.3 MPa (621 psi), while the Young’s modulus ranged from 2296 MPa (333,000 psi) to 841 MPa (122,000 psi) as the DDGS content increased. For all time periods studied, water absorption increased as DDGS level increased. Moreover, as DDGS content increased to a maximum of 75%, biodegradability increased from 0% to 38% while the surface hardness decreased 25%. These results were similar to those from other studies that have investigated biofillers. Follow-up studies should aim to optimize the strength of the DDGS-blended resins through the use of coupling agents or other additives.

Keywords
  • Biofillers,
  • bioplastics,
  • Mechanical properties,
  • Physical properties,
  • Biodegradability
Publication Date
2009
Publisher Statement
Works produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted.
Citation Information
R. A. Tatara, Kurt A. Rosentrater and S. Suraparaju. "Design properties for molded, corn-based DDGS-filled phenolic resin" Industrial Crops and Products Vol. 29 (2009)
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/kurt_rosentrater/181/