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Article
Development of an Automated Method for Selected Aromas of Red Wines from Cold-Hardy Grapes Using Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Olfactometry
Separations
  • Lingshuang Cai, Iowa State University and DuPont Crop Protection
  • Somchai Rice, Iowa State University
  • Jacek A. Koziel, Iowa State University
  • Murlidhar Dharmadhikari, Iowa State University
Document Type
Article
Publication Version
Published Version
Publication Date
7-5-2017
DOI
10.3390/separations4030024
Abstract

The aroma profile of red wine is complex and research focusing on aroma compounds and their links to viticultural and enological practices is needed. Current research is limited to wines made from cold-hardy cultivars (interspecific hybrids of vinifera and native N. American grapes). The objective of this research was to develop a fully automated solid phase microextraction (SPME) method, using tandem gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-olfactometry for the simultaneous chemical and sensory analysis of volatile/semi-volatile compounds and aroma in cold-hardy red wines. Specifically, the effects of SPME coating selection, extraction time, extraction temperature, incubation time, sample volume, desorption time, and salt addition were studied. The developed method was used to determine the aroma profiles of seven selected red wines originating from four different cold-hardy grape cultivars. Thirty-six aroma compounds were identified from Maréchal Foch, St. Croix, Frontenac, Vincent, and a Maréchal Foch/Frontenac blend. Among these 36 aroma compounds, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl caproate, benzeneethanol, ethyl decanoate, and ethyl caproate are the top five most abundant aroma compounds. Olfactometry helps to identify compounds not identified by MS. The presented method can be useful for grape growers and wine makers for the screening of aroma compounds in a wide variety of wines and can be used to balance desired wine aroma characteristics.

Comments

This article is from Separations 2017, 4(3), 24; doi:10.3390/separations4030024. Posted with permission.

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Open
Creative Commons License
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Copyright Owner
The authors
Language
en
File Format
application/pdf
Citation Information
Lingshuang Cai, Somchai Rice, Jacek A. Koziel and Murlidhar Dharmadhikari. "Development of an Automated Method for Selected Aromas of Red Wines from Cold-Hardy Grapes Using Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Olfactometry" Separations Vol. 4 Iss. 3 (2017) p. 24
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/jacek_koziel/130/