Scalpel safety in the operative setting: a systematic review

A Watt
M Patkin
M J. Sinnott
R J. Black
Guy Maddern, Government of South Australia, SA Health

Abstract

Background. The complex environment of the operative setting provides multiple opportunities for health care workers to sustain scalpel injuries; scalpels are the second most frequent source of sharps injuries in this setting. Little evidence has been published detailing the effectiveness of proposed safety procedures and devices.

Methods. A systematic search strategy was used to identify relevant studies. Studies were included based on the application of a predetermined protocol, an independent assessment by 2 reviewers, and a consensus decision. Nineteen articles formed the evidence base for this review.

Results. Little high-level evidence was available. The results of studies reporting on 5 different devices/ procedures were identified: the use of cut-resistant gloves/liners decreased the number of glove perforations in comparison with double latex gloves alone but lessened the wearer’s dexterity and tactile sensation; the benefit derived from the use of the hands-free passing technique seemed equivocal; ‘‘sharpless surgery’’ was found to be feasible; a single-handed blade remover prevented at least as many injuries as a safety scalpel; and some shoe materials provided superior foot protection.

Conclusion. The lack of available evidence highlights the need for the generation of a methodologically rigorous, clinically relevant, and statistically valid body of primary research in this area to support appropriate and effective safety interventions.