The presence in the classrooms of immigrant students who do not speak the language of the host country is posing new challenges for those teachers who have to teach them in and through the new language. Therefore, the pedagogical preparation of the latter should include courses on second language acquisition theories, methods, and strategies. The present article summarizes the second language teaching methods traditionally used in second language teaching, describes the most significant advances carried out in the area, and presents a model to help teachers of students with limited knowledge of the language prepare well-organized lessons with which to improve their effectiveness in the classroom. Article is in Spanish.