Applying the combined model of Westerlund and Lundquist helps to distinguish and explore different structural elements in the EU framework for transport biofuels and their sustainability criteria. The use of the combined model underlines that one of the most critical and vulnerable issues in the EU approach to the sustainability criteria is the issue of control of their fulfilment. One of the possible solutions to the control issue is to hire specially educated independent auditors. This is what has been recommended and promoted by EU. However, the research indicates that this control mechanism is not judicially safe, because independent auditors should also be educated and controlled. From the actor-perspective, independent auditing is not always possible to be organized at each stage of the production process. Another control mechanism that has been suggested in literature is to use self-control in self-controlling organizations. This mechanism is neither judicially safe, which means that further solutions should be looked for. Among other, more general conclusions there is an idea that sustainability criteria can efficiently be included in a legal framework with the purpose to standardize, promote and safeguard environmentally sustainable quality of products and their production methods. This can be done following various steering models and approaches.